Fig. 3
From: Reduced lateralization of multiple functional brain networks in autistic males
Language lateralization and language delay. Participants were binned into NT (n = 70), ASD Language Delay (n = 29), and ASD No Language Delay (n = 16), with three participants missing language delay data. On the y-axis are model-adjusted NSAR values for the Language network, with negative values representing left hemisphere lateralization and positive values representing right hemisphere lateralization. NSAR values were adjusted by regressing out the effects of mean-centered age, mean-centered mean framewise displacement, and handedness using the following formula: NSARadjusted = NSARraw - [β1(mean-centered ageraw - mean of mean-centered ageraw) + β2(mean-centered FDraw - mean of mean-centered FDraw) + β3(groupraw - mean groupraw) + β4(handednessraw - mean handednessraw)]. NSAR adjustment occurred separately for each group. A significant group effect on language lateralization was found between the NT and ASD Language Delay groups (t(109) = 4.62, p < .001) and between the NT and ASD No Language Delay groups (t(109) = -2.44, p = .02). Circles represent group mean adjusted NSAR values while bars represent the standard error of the mean