Fig. 2

Profiling symptoms in XXY/KS across 66 scales. A Boxplots showing distribution of z-scores in XXY/KS for 66 different subscales derived from 12 questionnaires. Horizontal red line shows mean score in XY controls, and dashed horizontal line shows a 2 standard deviation elevation in scores relative to the observed distribution in XY males. B Standardized beta coefficients for the effects of XXY/KS (vs. XY) on each scale. C Standardized beta coefficients for regression models predicting variation in IQ (Full-Scale IQ), VABC (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Composite Scale), and CSQ (Caregiver Strain Questionnaire) scores as a function of variation in each measure of psychopathology. D Standardized beta coefficients for association between time of XXY/KS diagnoses (postnatal vs. prenatal) and scores on each measure of psychopathology. E Standardized beta coefficients for the effects of XXY/KS (vs. XY) on each scale when analysis is restricted to the subset of XXY/KS individuals who were diagnosed prenatally. For B–E, a single asterisk indicates statistical significance at uncorrected p = 0.05, and a double asterisk at Bonferroni-adjusted p < .00076