Fig. 1

Decomposition of absolute spectral power into periodic and aperiodic components. The absolute power spectrum can be decomposed into the periodic and aperiodic components by fitting an exponential decay curve (y = 1/f) to the absolute power spectrum to model the aperiodic component. The 1/f curve (aperiodic component) can be described with the offset value (similar to intercept) and exponent (reflects how steep or shallow the curve is, similar to slope). The modeled 1/f curve can then be subtracted from the absolute power spectrum, leaving only the periodic, oscillatory curve. This decomposition can be implemented using the SpecParam algorithm [36] (also known as FOOOF v 1.0.0 [35])